Processes of globalization Essay

The current read of world politics nowadays has reached the stage wherein near e genuinely bingle from age 8 to 80 is already aw ar of the submits of globalization and home(a)ism. If you put these two words in order, the topic of patriotism always comes first, having people grow with the idea. globalization comes next and the real word was much perceive as a form of discourtesying the subject of nationalism. In the article that Kusumi (2004) wrote for the familiarity of Asian Research, he used nationalism and globalization and the al-Qaeda as his subjects which he comp ard from each early(a).In this article, he verbalize that on the part of globalization, to make a mess in unintentional. On the part of al-Qaeda, to make a mess is the whole idea (Kusumi, 2004). patriotism, in a to a greater extent general definition is the way in which a certain society decides to order its affairs. As children, we were taught that nations are besides c each(prenominal)ed territories th at are g everywherened by altogether civil or military authorities. For a more comprehensive meaning of nations, these are units of communities possessing their get policies and histories. unrivalled nation generally has its own unique policy system, thriftiness, society, and cultures. Every nation is unique from each opposite in their own ways. Based from the Stanford cyclopedia of Philosophy, the term nationalism potful be described by two kinds of phenomena with the first referring to the berth possessed by the members of a certain nation when it comes to the subject of their national identity. This definition raises questions about the subjects of nation or national identity which are often committed to the subjects of vernacular origin, ethnicity, or the membership of a certain individual in a nation.The second definition moreover, parcel outs with the attitude or actions of these members whenever they seek or fight to sustain their self-determination and carries along q uestions of whether the conceit of self-determination should be viewed as something that involves having full areahood or complete authority over domestic and foreign affairs and so forth For m any(prenominal) years, nationalism has been ignored as a significant topic in the area of semipolitical philosophy and has besides emerged as virtuoso of the consequences of nationalist clashes deal the one between the former Yugoslavia and Soviet Republics.Either way, nationalism often presents a picture that is object lessonly ambivalent in theme. The very theory of national awakenings and the struggles that come along with the fight for political independence are twain seen as lordly in peoples eyes. Basically, the moral debates about nationalism shows a kind of deep moral tension between national groups that are oppressed and the repulsion that are effects of the crimes committed for nationalism itself. Simply put, the subject of nationalism refers to an area of problems somel y about the ethnic and cultural differences in a democratic policy.These, to a fault are considered as one of the hardest dilemmas in contemporary political theory (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, ). Nationalism is also attached to the term nation-state which refers to a geographically bounded legal entity under a unmarried recognized environment, the population of which psychologically considers them to be related, by means of historical, linguistic, racial, or other links (Kacowicz, 1998). The forces connected to the subject of nationalism can be presented in some forms that are beyond the definition of the state itself.For example, the subject of nationalism can serve as an instrument in finding a motherland state for a certain existing nation that still does non own one. Moreover, it can also be used to organize a nation for a state that is not yet one through the collaboration of different elements within territorial boundaries to create a nation. Globalization, on t he other hand, is viewed as the antithesis of nationalism. This sentiment negates what the nationalism promotes about the different identities of nations ad suggests that there are no boundaries existing, only one globe.There are many implications to this subject. For example, global transportation around the world is becoming far easier compared to the historical times and communications technology is still improving and spreading globally. These kinds of changes sometimes make people go the feeling that they are all connected despite of the remotenesss and boundaries. The word globalization implies the fact that the world is only a single market with goods and investments flowing freely crossways different national limits. The term refers to the changes in both the spatial and temporal contours of social existence.Here, geographical distance is now measured in call of time and as time is needed to connect geographical locations is minimized, the subject of distances often u ndergo the subject of compression or horizontal annihilation. And as changes in human activities also affect changes in position or territory, many theorists believe that these alterations in the experiences of humanity are in the process of undermining the significance of both local and national boundaries in the area of human endeavor (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2006). There are trine facets connected to globalization.The first among these is the association of the subject to the concept of deterritorialization, a concept which refers to the increasing kinds of social activities occurrence irrespective of the geographical location of the participants. These activities are promoted through telecommunication, audiovisual media, digital computers and even the World dewy-eyed wind vane itself. If you view globalization using the concept of deterritorialization, the former can be connected to the change magnitude possibilities of the actions of people irrespective of th eir latitudinal and longitudinal location.As what the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2006) stated, Territory in the sand of traditional grit of geographically identifiable location no longer constitutes the whole of social aloofness in which human activity takes place. globalization refers to the spread of new forms of non-territorial social activity. The second concept connected to globalization is that of social interconnectedness crossways geographical and political boundaries.In this aspect, globalization is connected to the different processes of change that causes significant transformations in the organization of human affairs though connecting and expanding the possibilities of human activities across borders. The third concept of globalization is social acceleration or speed or velocity of any social activity. The speed of the transportation, communication, and other technologies that link people now at present are very important factors in giving the sense of in terconnectedness and blurring of territorial boundaries.The speed of technology, however, is not the only deal in this subject. The connecting and expansion of social activities across different borders are also defined by the very movements of people, information, and goods. The two other concepts mentioned above are directly connected with the speed or social career and the velocity and interchanges across different borders varies generally from their magnitude, impact, or regularity (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2006).Thus, globalization should be perceived as a multi-pronged process due to the fact that deterritorialization, social interconnectedness, and the acceleration of social activities affect many aspects of social activity like in economic, political, and cultural terms. Every manifestation of globalization also creates conflicts and dislocations in different area. An example of this is the evidence uttering that cross-border flows and exchanges re already gain ing prominence worldwide. The emergence of global pecuniary markets serves as a big challenge to traditional attempts of liberal democratic nation-states.When it comes to the political realm, globalization takes a more distinct form through deterritorialization, interconnectedness, and acceleration of social activity elements. One form of political globalization is when activists use high-speed communication technologies to connect and form alliances across borders against dilemmas that are transnational in manner. Forms of supranational organizations exhibited for example by the European Union and North America Free Trade Association are also perceived as new manifestations of political globalization.Despite all of these though, critics still say that the local, regional and national forms of self-government are now being replaced by the democratic forms of global system that are insufficient to ordinary citizens. The definition of nationalism and globalization clearly shows the differences between the two concepts. Nationalism promoted the establishing of a national identity and the strengthening of borders from one nation to another. Here, a nation is seen as something that has its own policies, economic flow, and culture that is somewhat unavailable from the members of other nations.Globalization, on the other hand, firmly says that there are no existing borders and that the world is one undivided network. As what Kusumi (2004) said, nationalism and globalization are like oil and water. You can only patronize one and not the other since the nature of the word international is equivalent to the fact of having nations defined by their respective boundaries, while the definition of the word global is match to the intellectual aggression of individuals to the boundaries that are drawn on the globe.Globalization and terrorism have common factors. two aims to reach out across national borders and both are vessels that in a way disrespect nationalism. Nationa lism advertises the subject of having a national identity while globalization simply threatens the identity of not only one nation but all others around the world. However, globalization is not at all negative because evidences, particularly in the world of batch, shows that this very subject helps a lot in the economy of several countries (Kusumi, 2004).Thus, it is all just a matter of perspective for these two subjects. For one, during the last few decades, the international flows of goods and financial capital from border to border has increased significantly and if it forget be studied in a global perspective, it can be seen that the international trade of goods and services doubled in a span of four decades. Despite of the increase in the flow of goods, services, and financial capital, the term globalization also implies the fact that the world is considered as nearly a single market.In a fully globalized economy setting such as this, the goods and investments will be able t o flow easily from border to border (Taylor, 2002). Despite of these, though, there are still numerous studies promoting the importance that national borders play in the trade market and how our world regardless of all advancements is still too far into being considered a single world market. One of the evidences to the significant role of national borders can be seen in the situation of Ontario, a province of Canada that has an equal distance from Washington State and the province of British Columbia.If a person will look at the situation using the perspective of a borderless state defined by globalization, he/she will expect Ontarios level of trade as equal to that of Washington and British Columbia. However, this is not the case when it comes to real life even after adjusting the respective sizes of their economies. In studies conducted in the United States and Europe, it is prove that the trades between regions within countries are actually 3 to ten times higher compared to the trade across national borders even after taking into account factors like the size of local economies and geographic distance (Taylor, 2002).Reasons of why national borders still play important roles in the limiting of international movements of goods and capital are easy to identify. For one, transportation and communications networks are commonly organized by national governments and concentrate more in connections within their own country than national borders. Thus, the economic proceeding across a national border is burdened with additional costs that are connected with different legal systems, institutions, regulations, languages and many other factors.Also, the changes and flow in exchange rate also ass to the level of risk to economic transactions across borders (Taylor, 2002). Globalization is not the single and most viable ingredient in achieving economic growth. In fact there are a multitude of factors that can serve as a throttle to the achievement of economic success like good education, available investment capital, good infrastructure and transportation, a proper financial sector, and many more. Thus, nations arent face with the tough choice of choosing economic improvement over their loyalty to their nation.The availability of a certain market to the international flows of goods and capital is also one of the most important factors in promoting improvement but there is always a risk that globalization cant accomplish much and may even be harmful to the economy (Taylor, 2002). Basically, the very concept of nationalism directly opposes the processes of globalization since the concepts of disintegration, fragmentation, and localization deviate from the very trend of globalization.For example, a new sense of statehood may be a response to the forces of globalization in aiming to annihilate borders between nations. Thus, the persistence and excerption of nationalism can be viewed as a kind of response to the forces of the global market through a ctions that will relocate and strengthen the legitimacy and sense of loyalties at national or subnational levels versus the transnational and supranational force of economic globalization (Kacowicz, 1998).Moreover, the promotion of nationalism as well as the organizing of new states is even encouraged by pressures of globalization. Through the processes involved in technological dissemination, globalization can even be considered as a catalyst in promoting nationalism so that these two concepts can even encounter if a new global revolution of rising expectations will only be viewed. These forces can even encourage states and nations to be more active and managing the pressures that comes along with the subject of globalization.Here, an interesting paradox can be seen because even though the forces of globalization seem to be a giant next to the concept of state sovereignty, the technological changes brought by the former can even improve the material conditions needed to enhance an d hold birth to nationalistic trends. To put it simply, globalization opens doors for new strategies and roles for the nation-state and the resurgence of the sense of nationalism (Kacowicz, 1998). In conclusion, nationalism and globalization are two concepts that directly oppose each others purposes but in a way also complements the promotion of one.Just like what has already been mentioned earlier in this paper, it is all just a matter or perspective. References Kacowicz, A. M. (1998). Regionalization, Globalization, and Nationalism Convergent, Divergent, or Overlapping? Retrieved June 7, 2009 Web site http//www. nd. edu/kellogg/publications/workingpapers/WPS/262. pdf. Kusumi, J. (2004). Globalization versus nationalism versus al-Qaeda These three things are important to understand as bad, good, and bad respectively. Retrieved June 7, 2009, from Association for Asia Research.Web site http//www. asianresearch. org/articles/2261. html. Taylor, T. (2002). The Truth About Globalizati on. Public Interest, 24. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. (2006). Globalization. Retrieved June 7, 2009 from Stanford University Official site Web site http//plato. stanford. edu/entries/globalization/ Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. (2005). Nationalism. Retrieved June 7, 2009 from Stanford University Official site Web site http//plato. stanford. edu/entries/nationalism/