Lead Toxicity: Its Effects on Fetal and Infant Development Essay

continue Toxicity Its Effects on Fetal and Infant DevelopmentLead perniciousness has been an area of unending research in recent years. There grant been positive and negative correlations relating its toxic effects to both barbarian developmental deficiencies and adult regression problems. This review will focus on the problems associated with the children. It will discuss various routes of entry of lead into the childs system, both prenatally and postnatally, the mechanisms employed by lead to cause the dysfunctions, and some of the neurological deficits believed to be caused by the lead exposure. The development of a child begins in utero and continues chase birth thus both of these time frames must be examined as possible bounds of lead intoxication. During development, the fetus is at the mercy of its mother. If the mother has high store lead levels during pregnancy, the developing fetus will have the same. This is due to the need of a transplacental barrier to lead. Thus, the agnatic levels are consistently equal to foetal levels throughout pregnancy. The mode of transport is not clearly understood. However, it has been suggested that it is a subject of simple diffusion for several reasons (1). First, is the close quantitative human relationship between maternal and fetal blood lead levels. Second, is the experimentally modeled linear relationship between the transfer of lead from the mother to the fetus and the umbilical blood merge rate. An increase in blood flow rate coupled with the change magnitude surface area of the placental barrier, 2 m2 to 11 m2, over the gestational period increases the transplacental diffusion (1). With this direct correlation in mind, it then becomes meaning(a) to discuss possible sources of increased mater... ...991 13 203-211. 4.Bressler, J. P. and Goldstein, G.W. Mechanisms of Lead Toxicity. Biochemical Pharmacology. 1991 41 479-84. 5. Dietrich, K. N. homo Fetal Lead Exposure Intrauterine Growth, Maturation, and Postnatal Neurobehavioral Development. Fundamental and employ Toxicology. 1991 16 17-19. 6. Bellinger, D., Leviton, A., and Sloman, J. Antecedents and Correlates of Improved Cognitive Performance in Children Exposed in Utero to starting time Levels of Lead. Environmental Health Perspectives. 1990 89 5-11. 7. Bhattacharya, A., Shukla, R., Bornschein, R. L., et.al. Lead Effects on postural Balance of Children. Environmental Health Perspectives. 1990 89 35-42. 8. Ernhart, C. B. and Greene, T. Low-Level Lead Exposure in the Prenatal and Early Preschool Periods Language Development. Archives of Environmental Health. 1990 45 342-354. Lead Toxicity Its Effects on Fetal and Infant Development EssayLead Toxicity Its Effects on Fetal and Infant DevelopmentLead toxicity has been an area of unending research in recent years. There have been positive and negative correlations relating its toxic effects to both child developmental deficiencies and adult regression problems. This review will focus on the problems associated with the children. It will discuss various routes of entry of lead into the childs system, both prenatally and postnatally, the mechanisms employed by lead to cause the dysfunctions, and some of the neurological deficits believed to be caused by the lead exposure. The development of a child begins in utero and continues following birth thus both of these time frames must be examined as possible periods of lead intoxication. During development, the fetus is at the mercy of its mother. If the mother has high blood lead levels during pregnancy, the developing fetus will have the same. This is due to the lack of a transplacental barrier to lead. Thus, the maternal levels are consistently equal to fetal levels throughout pregnancy. The mode of transport is not clearly understood. However, it has been suggested that it is a matter of simple diffusion for several reasons (1). First, is the close quantitative relationship between maternal a nd fetal blood lead levels. Second, is the experimentally modeled linear relationship between the transfer of lead from the mother to the fetus and the umbilical blood flow rate. An increase in blood flow rate coupled with the increased surface area of the placental barrier, 2 m2 to 11 m2, over the gestational period increases the transplacental diffusion (1). With this direct correlation in mind, it then becomes important to discuss possible sources of increased mater... ...991 13 203-211. 4.Bressler, J. P. and Goldstein, G.W. Mechanisms of Lead Toxicity. Biochemical Pharmacology. 1991 41 479-84. 5. Dietrich, K. N. Human Fetal Lead Exposure Intrauterine Growth, Maturation, and Postnatal Neurobehavioral Development. Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. 1991 16 17-19. 6. Bellinger, D., Leviton, A., and Sloman, J. Antecedents and Correlates of Improved Cognitive Performance in Children Exposed in Utero to Low Levels of Lead. Environmental Health Perspectives. 1990 89 5-11. 7. Bhattach arya, A., Shukla, R., Bornschein, R. L., et.al. Lead Effects on Postural Balance of Children. Environmental Health Perspectives. 1990 89 35-42. 8. Ernhart, C. B. and Greene, T. Low-Level Lead Exposure in the Prenatal and Early Preschool Periods Language Development. Archives of Environmental Health. 1990 45 342-354.

Emergency Contraception Essay -- Biology Essays Research Papers

Emergency ContraceptionThere atomic number 18 many myths surrounding the use of requirement contraception. The question of what it is and when to use it is just a fraction of the controversy surrounding this arguably new practice. Emergency contraception is a method of preventing pregnancy after the act of unprotected sexual intercourse. It does non protect against sexually transmitted diseases. However, emergency contraception tramp not be obtained without a prescription. Why does the US government not trust women with the cream of making sure they do not get pregnant after having unprotected sex? If abortion is a choice and abortion terminates a life, wherefore can women not have the choice to make sure they do not need an abortion? What is wrong with preventing an unwanted pregnancy? There are two types of emergency contraception, pills (ECPs) or copper T intrauterine devices (IUD). There are two distinct pill types, the brand create Preven and the brand name Plan B. Preven contains the same hormones as regular birth control, estrogen and progestin. (1) It causes more instances of nausea and vomiting than Plan Bs, and decreases the chances of pregnancy by 75%. However, Preven can be used as an ongoing form of birth control. Plan B only contains the hormone progestin. It is more effective, decreasing chances of pregnancy by 89%, and has less of a chance for side effects. (1) These pills can be taken immediately after the sex, or up to 72 hours later. (2). The other form of emergency contraception, IUD, can be inserted up to five days after the unprotected sex and is more effective than the pills (99% decreased chance of pregnancy). (1) An IUD can be left in for up to 10 years as a form of birth control, but in some cases can lead to pe... ...e. The American government still denies the request for these to be readily available for American women. Why is this so? In a country where abortion is such a moral issue, you would think that an alternative to h aving to end a life would be widely welcomed by all sides of the issue.WWW Sources 1) emergency contraception at princetonhttp//ec.princeton.edu/information/eciud.html2) teen forum on ec, myth/fact based sitehttp//serendip.brynmawr.edu/biology/b103/f03/web1/www.cfoc.org/3_teen/3_emergency.cfm3) publication paper, stand on emergency contraceptionhttp//serendip.brynmawr.edu/biology/b103/f03/web1/www.amwa-doc.org4) ec connection, valuable resourcehttp//serendip.brynmawr.edu/biology/b103/f03/web1/www.ecconnection.org5) plannedparenthood, good price list http//serendip.brynmawr.edu/biology/b103/f03/web1/www.plannedparenthood.com

The Norm :: essays research papers

Cause and Effect ReportThe averageThroughout history society has changed greatly. However, much has remained untouched by the sands of time. wholeness of the unchanged properties is what society considers the Norm. The Norm, is a set of rules which govern society. It is not a printed document (usually), but merely a commonly veritable set of standards. The Norm is made up by societys perception of what is acceptable. Before we truly get involved with describing the various aspects of normative behavior, it is reckless to point out the differences between Norms of the past and the present. In the past, religious beliefs, physical differences, and common misunderstandings contributed greatly to the formation of the Norm. In the present, a world of great equality and understanding, these factors have less influence. The majority creates the Norm. The Norm is created by every action society makes. Role is an important aspect controlled by the Norm. For centuries, women of various cu ltures have been considered to be the house keeper and/or the sole c atomic number 18 taker of their children. Women were usually considered as being inferior in the past collectable to the physical strength difference as well as variances between the male and female physique. Role also defined the life of men in the past. In many cultures men were valued only by their physical strength, but r arely their intelligence. Childhood is also heavily influenced by the Norm. Because children are considered to be intellectually inferior to adults they were rarely considered to be politically important. That is, until they reached an age when adults finally recognized the efforts and accomplishments and the child was then promoted to a more equal status. We take in this same type of behavior even in todays society. Because of their inexperience, the Norm dictates that schooling is required at an early age.Sexuality is one of the most(prenominal) complex issues within the Norm. The Norm as it pertains to sexuality is highly influenced by religious concepts coupled with the physical ability to reproduce. One compliments the other, in this case. Religion acts as a secondary explanation of biology. This causes people to be opposed to deviation from this path.The Norm continues to affect the placement of Role in society. Women are encouraged at a young age to learn home making skills such as cooking along with other house belongings activities. Men, can often be found working in hard labor environments.

Comparing Browns Goodnight Moon and Krauss’s A Hole is to Dig :: Compare Contrast Comparison

Comparing Margaret clean Br witnesss Goodnight laze and Ruth Krausss A Hole is to DigMargaret Wise Brown is an exceptional author that has written many childrens picture books. She has created a style of writing that children quite a little relate to on each of their own level. Each book has a simple and docile structure of writing accompanied with defining illustrations. Margaret Wise Brown is not the only author that has been sufficient to adjust her writing style to better suite different age levels for children. Another author that could fit into this category would be Ruth Krauss, author of A Hole is to Dig, and many more other great childrens books. Both of these authors genres could be categorized as simple and defining. For example, Margaret Wise Brown wrote the famous book, Goodnight Moon and compared to Ruth Krausss book, A Hole is to dig, it is easy to see these attributes of writing style.Taking a closer look at the writing styles, it is easy to see why they are perf ect reading books for children. Brown uses short sentences with in her writing for each page of the book. This makes it easier for children to focus on the action or story being told. It similarly helps them to be able to examine sentences one at a time instead of using paragraphs that could confuse them by having so many words present. Brown and Krauss also use small simple words that are taught to children at a young age that helps them work on repetition, for example in Goodnight Moon, each time the bunny is talking he always says goodnight to everything in the room. This helps to identify objects and better define words with the illustrations. Krauss also uses these short simple words and phrases to help children with their learning to read. For example, in the book A Hole is to Dig, the sentence says, A face is so you can make faces. This sentence also shows the children repetition by restating the word twice. Krauss illustrations are very simple with great detail. Each page h as open white place between each picture that helps children to focus on the action-taking place within the story that is being told. For example, on the same page as when Krauss is exploring faces, each couplet of children is spread apart from one another on the page. This helps to show each expression individually with no distraction of what is being represented.

Richard Feynman :: essays research papers fc

Richard Philip Feynman was born in New York City on May 11th 1918 to a middle menage family that lived on the Southern tip of Manhattan. He grew up in a household where both of his parents poured into him their best qualities. His mother, Lucille, instilled in Richard a powerful sense of humor, which would be essential in forming his magnetic personality and eccentric lecturing style. His father, Melville, decided before Richard was born that if he were a boy, he would grow up to be a scientist, something that Melville himself had always wanted to be. And so guided subtly by his father, and given the power to laugh by his mother, Richard was set on a career that would eventually lead him to become a legend.At a young age it was apparent that he was scientifically inclined. In school, he was interested in all things scientific and loved math. At one point he even gave thought to becoming a mathematician. After high school, he went to MIT to think physics, and after four years of t hat he went to Princeton as a graduate student. During this time in his life, he became engaged to his high school sweetie, Arline Greenbaum. Halfway into his upbringing at Princeton, Arline was diagnosed with tuberculosis, and was not given many years to live. So Richard married her and put his doctoral thesis on hold. Shortly after their marriage, a helpmate of Richard, Robert Wilson, came to Richard and told him that the government of America was looking for the finest physicists to help construct the atomic bomb. Otherwise known as the Manhattan project. At first Richard said no, but eventually his nationalism won over and he agreed to join the project. Upon agreeing to join the project, he moved to Los Alamos, where the research facility was located and Arline could move to a hospital in Albuquerque. In July 1945, Arline, the love of Richards life, finally succumbed to the dreaded tuberculosis she had been fighting all of this time. To escape the pain, he immersed himself in his work and the 1st atomic bomb incessantly was ready for detonation very quickly.With his work at Los Alamos done, Richard took a teaching position at Cornell University where he became depressed and believed that his lifes work was behind him. But as he was stewing in his own depression, more and more of the top universities were sending more and more lucrative professorships his way.

Richard Feynman :: essays research papers fc

Richard Philip Feynman was born in New York City on May 11th 1918 to a middle class family that lived on the southerly tip of Manhattan. He grew up in a household where both of his parents poured into him their best qualities. His mother, Lucille, instilled in Richard a powerful sense of humor, which would be essential in forming his magnetic personality and eccentric lecturing style. His father, Melville, decided before Richard was born that if he were a boy, he would grow up to be a scientist, something that Melville himself had constantly wanted to be. And so guided subtly by his father, and given the power to laugh by his mother, Richard was set on a course that would eventually dealer him to become a legend.At a young age it was apparent that he was scientifically inclined. In school, he was interested in all things scientific and bopd math. At one point he even gave thought to becoming a mathematician. After high school, he went to MIT to study physics, and after quaternar y years of that he went to Princeton as a graduate student. During this time in his life, he became engaged to his high school sweetie, Arline Greenbaum. Halfway into his education at Princeton, Arline was diagnosed with tuberculosis, and was not given many years to live. So Richard married her and put his doctoral thesis on hold. Shortly after their marriage, a friend of Richard, Robert Wilson, came to Richard and told him that the g overnment of the States was looking for the finest physicists to help construct the atomic bomb. Otherwise known as the Manhattan project. At first Richard said no, but eventually his patriotism won over and he agreed to join the project. Upon agreeing to join the project, he moved to Los Alamos, where the research facility was located and Arline could move to a hospital in Albuquerque. In July 1945, Arline, the love of Richards life, finally succumbed to the dreaded tuberculosis she had been fighting all of this time. To escape the pain, he immersed h imself in his work and the 1st atomic bomb ever was ready for effusion very quickly.With his work at Los Alamos done, Richard took a teaching position at Cornell University where he became depressed and believed that his lifes work was behind him. But as he was stewing in his own depression, more and more of the top universities were sending more and more lucrative professorships his way.

Chapter 13 Spice Chart the Spread of Chinese Civilization…

PLEASE DONT COPY WORD FROM WORD. Chapter 13 The Spread of Chinese Civilization lacquer, Korea, and Vietnam Social 1) Japan * emperor moth - aristocracy - nobles/ warriors - local leaders- peasants - farmers * manly and female barriers * Females cant rule or get into political businesses no matter how high up you are. * Determing rank solely by parenthood * Men and women in aristocratic classes are mandatory to have polite behaviors * Social status was everything and love affairs were anxiety * Later on, women lost approximately all of their previous rights * Inheritance was only passed down to the oldest son Women were then treated like trash and men view them as defenseless * Women were taught to put to death themselves rather than dishonor the family line by getting raped * All classes of Japanese women lost role of celebrant in religious ceremonies and replaced in theatrical performances by men. 2) Korea * Emperor - government - nobles/local leaders - peasants - slaves * Born due to its original classes 3. Vietnam * Women had more freedoms * Women wore long skirts to black pants * Women had more influences in some(prenominal) family and in societies * Women were dominant force in large urban markets and trading systems Political ) Japan * Empress Koken married the Buddhist monk and he became king * Emperor Kammu 794 * Heian (Kyoto) a new capital city established by emperor Kammu buddists build monasteries * Later Buddhist monks were aban dod out of the aristocratic and aristocrats almost full took over in the central government * Japanese monarchy - Chinese style emperor * Created genuine bureaucracy and peasant conscript armies * Local leaders were to swot militia forces and later control the imperial household * Fujiwara was the aristocratic family in 9th century tayra competed with Minamoto families and defeated the Gempei Wars * Minamoto competed with the Taira family * Gempei Wars waged for five years between the Taira and the Minamotos * Ashi kaga Takuaji * Ashikaga Shogunate * Hojo 2) Korea * Koguryo tribal people of northern Korea * Silla is the independent Korean kingdom southeast * Paekche- defeated by the Sillas * Resulted in Sinification * Tries to put Chinese style bureaucracy * Paid tribute to chinaware and created peace to add protection. * Yi dynasty 3) Vietnam Confucian bureaucracy established and dominated in aristocracy * Chinese controlled for several(prenominal) centuries * Hanoi capital city * Nguyen rival Vietnamese dynasty * Trinh- dynasty that ruled north Vietnam Interactions 1) Japan * It as Trades with China * Borrow ideologies from China and put into their own civilisation * Dominated emperor and capital as a whole * Buddhist monks became powerful and became the heads of demanding the monastic orders. * Buddhism from China * Chinese political dominance * Surrounded by the pacific ocean, islands, lots of mountains 2) Korea Took ideas from china culturally and politically * Korean scholars travel ed to China and few went for the Buddhist faith in India * Similar to what Japan had done * Borrowed paper productions, printings, paintings and arts, written language and agricultures * Located in the far east of Asian, right next to China surrounds by the yellow sea mostly 3) Vietnam * honest down below China * Heavily influenced by China just like Japan and Korea. * Confucian ideologies and Buddhism influences too * Ideas from Chinese agriculture technologies Culture 1) Japan Borrowed ideas from China such as writings, characters, everyday aspects, language.. etc * Japanese tried to master Confucians ways, worship Chinese style temples * Admired Buddhisms arts * Worshipped Kami nature spirits * Zen Buddhism, Confucianism, and Shinto were major beliefs * The way normal aristocratic families live in Buildings were of unpainted wood, sliding panels, matted floors, and wooden walkways between every room people lived in. Writing verse is the most valued art in courts. Poems were wr itten on painted fans and scented papers. lady Murasaki one of the most famous female poet * Tale of Genji, The written by Lady Murasaki * Played flutes and stringed instruments * Zen Buddhism stressed on simplicity and discipline that vie a critical role 2) Korea * Studied Chinese schools and enrolled in Confucian studies * Made their own language and writing systems by taking ideas of Chinese literatures * crafter learned to hold metal type in place * Used honey as glue * Practiced mainly Confucianism and Buddhism * Law codes * Arts from China 3) Vietnam * Strong tradition of village autonomy * Symbolizations of bamboo hedges Confucianism * Buddhism * Economic 1) Japan * New tool * Greater tools to draft animals * New cropssoybeans * Produce items like silk, hemp, paper, dyes, and vegetable oils etc * troops elites and intermediaries traded between Japan and overseas such as China 2) Korea * Sell goods to Chinese markets * Purchased Chinese scrolls and art works * Tribute syst ems with China * Tribute became major channel of trade and intercultural exchanges with China and other neighbors 3) Vietnam * Produce lots of rice * Trade with lots of other areas surrounded * Pay tributes to China for protection

Comparing and Contrasting Men and Women

MEN AND WOMEN In terms of aesthetics, manpower and women think very different about their prescriptive towards men and women. Both seem to think differently from one an other because men and women atomic number 18 very different from each other. As faraway as history can go there has been a battle of the sexes going on. Men and women have always interchanged from the bottom of the pyramid to the top. But handle always men seem to be on the top. Since men be always at the top level it seems to me that women have to exert themselves to various limits to acquire noticed but while still keeping a humble mind.This is wherefore women look at themselves for so long in the mirror as well some men do. The studies of beauty in some cases, argon much more important to both men and women, but sometimes are afraid to feel a little too cocky about them. A common phrase women use is, Boys will be boys. The reason why its used like this is because girls are really distinctive from boys, as well as boys to girls. There are a myriad of reasons why women are the way they are, and a countless(prenominal) reason why men are the way they are.Men, in fact, will always have it easy and pay less attention to women when women most need attention from men. Oppose to woman, who have concerns about what she will wear, or do her hair, but in the end have no complements from men. In the essay written by Dave Barry, he states, Men dont even notice 97 percent of the beauty efforts you make at least (Barry 370). I feel like some men dont take the time to observe a womans efforts instead they view and have less of a clue of what to say, and move on.Women, most likely would essential to be complemented to satisfy themselves with the effort they have done. Susan Sontag uses a perfect sample in her essay and states, To be called beautiful is thought to name something essential to womens character and concerns (Sontag 644). It would be more meaningful to women if they were called beauti ful every day, to let go of the low self-esteem. Lets talk about why men are the way they are. I believe that some men are the way they are because they are desperate for a women or sex.Men should feel embarrassed of themselves because it does affect women to see mens actions be such a routine. Men usually seduce frustrated when they dont see things the way they want to, and girls pretty much like it because they blend in the sense that men are filling their part in caring just a bit. Yet, women dont get pleased easily. When Elrenreich compares their differences, she states, As a general rule, women get irritated men get mad (Elrenreich 218).I think what she refers to is that some men sometimes decide to take the lead and play immature, while women have to position there and support them. This is because women show their way of respect towards men, unlike men who rule themselves and care less about what a women feels. Women instead use their parents dodging and respect men by no t getting mad, albeit some men do, and some men dont. Men do not always song to keep their physical appearance like women do, but instead they try to see themselves as kings of the world.For thus say, men think that they can get any women in the world, when women are struggling and are much more classy to say they can have a man in fall apart phrasing then men do. In the essay, What Ive Learned From Men, by Elenreich, she explains how women are so much respectful than men and states, The attraction of the tough true cat is that he has- or at least seems to have- what most of us lack and that is an aura of power and control (Elenreich 217). Men and women are so opposites from each other when it comes to confidence.Men feel like they know it all, when women feel a lack of confidence. Women sometimes try to use different personalities depending on who these men are. I feel when women want attention theyll get it, if only they try to be someone else, and Berry makes a clear statement about being out of character, and says, The problem, of corse, is that we are not the authors of ourselves (Berry 9). This is why women sometimes try too hard in using their beauty and knowledge, because some men just play hard to get.Whether men and women moot about their differences and similarities, I feel like there will never be an end to the battle of the sexes. Each individual has different opinions of whos amend or wrong, but no one has the right to state that they are correct because nobody is perfect. Both men and women have their good side about their beauty, and that is what makes someone unique, special, and memorable. The best for men and women is to be themselves in respect to their aesthetics and the beauty that was blessedly given to both sexes.

Figures of Speech

FIGURE OF SPEECH A mode of expression in which words are used out of their literal meaning or out of their ordinary use in order to add beauty or emotional intensity or to transfer the poets sense impressions by comparing or identifying one thing with another that has a meaning familiar to the reader. Some important figures of spoken communication are simile, metaphor, personification, hyperbole and symbol. Adjunction Adjunction refers to a clause or a phrase, usually a verb, that is added at the beginning of a sentence. Here are a few examples of adjunction Sings the bird as we walk on by.Good it is that fights the master with his dark lord, Allegory This figure of speech is an extended metaphor where the characters or actions in a literary bet have a more imaginative meaning. The examples of allegory are I feel like a dog today. I rolled out of my basket and munched on some biscuit-like cereal. Scratching as I got on the train, I sniffed a passing female. Aruooo Down boy Anim al Farm, George Orwell By this I apprehend thou art one of my subjects for all that country is mine, and I am the Prince and God of it. How is it then that thou hast run away from thy King? The Pilgrims Progress, John Bunyan initial rhyme A repetition of especial(a) harmonical upright in the beginning of each word in close succession. Though alliteration is primarily consonant sounds, sometimes vowel sounds are in addition repeated. This figure of speech is mainly used in poetry. A few examples of alliteration I have stood becalm and stopped the sound of feet. Acquainted with the Night, Robert Frost Those tidal thoroughbreds that tango through the turquoise tide. Dancing Dolphins, Paul McCann Allusion An allusion is an in charge or brief reference to a person, place or thing in a literary work.A few illustrations of allusion I doubt if Phaethon feared more that time he dropped the sun-reins of his fathers transport and burned the streak of sky we see today or if poor Ic arus did feeling his sides unfeathering as the wax began to melt, his father shouting Wrong, your course is wrong Inferno, Dante This certificate of indebtedness is too much for me. I feel as though I have an albatross around my neck. The correspond of the Ancient Mariner, Samuel Taylor Coleridge Antithesis An antithesis is a figure of speech where there is a juxtaposition of two contrasting ideas in a balanced clause or sentence.Some illustrations of antithesis It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the get on of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of light, it was the season of darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way. A Tale of Two Cities, Charles Dickens If, as our dreaming Platonists report, There could be spirits of a middle sort,Too black for heavn, and nevertheless too white for hell, Who just droppd halfway down, nor lower fell. The Hind and the Panther, John Dryden Apostrophe In this figure of speech, a non existent or absent person is addressed. In literary pieces, this figure of speech usually starts with an exclamation O. Examples of apostrophe are O Romeo, Romeo wherefore art thou Romeo? Romeo and Juliet, William Shakespeare O, pardon me, thou bleeding piece of earth, / That I am meek and gentle with these butchers / Thou art the ruins of the noblest man / That ever lived in the tide of times. Julius Caesar, William Shakespeare. Climax In climax, the words or clauses are consistent in ascending order of importance. These phrases have a similar theme and arranged in increasing order according to the impact they create on the reader. A few illustrations Love creates happiness, happiness creates joy, joy creates enlightenment. Well collect pennies in tens, hundreds and millions Power starts small, becomes significant then becomes unstoppable. Euphemism A figure of speech where an offensive or rude word is substituted by a polite and gentle word.The technique is to use a neutral language so as not to sound offensive to the receiver. Like for instance Differently abled instead of disabled. Put to sleep instead of euthanasia Hyperbole It is used while exaggerating something. This figure of speech is mainly used in several jokes or as a way of insult. It is to dramatize a normal situation or to make it look worse. A few hyperbole examples The whole world was staring at me. It is going to take a zillion years to get through medical school. My bundle weighs a ton.Irony Irony is used to convey the opposite meaning of a word. It is usually used in sarcasm or in humor. It is also used to convey an ugly truth in a subtle manner. Some examples of irony are Water, water, everywhere, And all the boards did shrink Water, water, everywhere, Nor any drop to drink. (Situationa l Irony) The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, S. T. Coleridge The boy is so intelligent that he failed in all the subjects. (Verbal Irony) Metaphor Metaphor is used for the purpose of comparison with a thing which is not applicable to it literally.It is an indirect comparison of two unrelated things. Some examples of metaphors include He was a lion in the battlefield. He is the apple of my eye. Metonymy In metonymy, the mark of one thing is replaced with something that is closely related to it. In common terms, it is also known as misnomer or transmutation. Here are some metonymy examples The suits on smother Street walked off with most of our savings. (Suits referring to bankers). The White House asked the television networks for air time on Monday night. (Here air time refers to broadcasting).Onomatopoeia This figure of speech imitates the sounds produced by the objects or actions. Mentioned below are some examples of onomatopoeia The buzzing of bees. The whirring of the washing ma chine. Oxymoron Using a contradictory term to define a situation, object or impression is oxymoron. Some oxymoron examples are Clearly misunderstood Exact estimation Personification Associating an inanimate object to human quality. A few personification examples are The unconditional lion surveyed his realm. My car was happy to be washed.Simile Simile is a figure of speech where two essentially unlike things are compared with each other, apply as, than or like. A few simile examples are given below O my love is like a red, red rose. Life is like an onion plant You peel it off one layer at a time, and sometimes you weep. Synecdoche It is a part of speech similar to metonymy, where a part of a particular object is used to refer to the whole thing. Synechdoche examples are The city posted a sign, where the city refers to the government. The gray beard refers to an old man.

Harriet Tubman Essay

Her deeds not only saved lives during these terrible judgment of convictions but similarly gave other(a) African Americans the courage to stand up for what they believe in and achieve catch rights for men in women in the world no matter what their skin alter or gender was. Born to the parents of buckle d knowledges Harriet Tubmilitary personnel changed the world in more ways than integrity and will be explained in the essay. Harriet Tubman was born Araminta Ross to her slave parents Ben and Harriet Green. The specific date stamp of her birth is said to be between the years of 1820 and 1821 but there is no actual record of her birth twenty-four hours.This was a common problem of the time for some of the American slaves born in this era. Being born into an African American slave family during the 1800s, Harriet took on the task of being a slave during the early time in her life period. Her first task as a child was to take care of her of her younger brother and also was respons ible for the care of one of one of the slave giveers babies. The work that Harriet was assigned was work that the men never had to do but all work that was done on these plantations or recruits shouldve been looked at as equal in all ways.During this time even women slaves were being discriminated against, they automatically were discriminated against at birth when they came out as a girl. The women were thought of as less because they didnt go out into the fields to do the hard work, but without the women doing their work the mens work wouldnt deem been done. Life was hard for Harriet during these early years as she was responsible for this young baby and had to take care of it day and night.One would perceive that pickings care of this baby at such a young age would be a reason for Harriets motherly side towards all the slaves she ulterior helped escape from slavery so they could be turn. Harriets young life was filled with many experiences and hard times during her childhood . She contracted the measles at a young age she had an incident when at a store, a slave owner threw a two pound weight at another slaves point and hit Harriett. The other slave had left their field without out permission and went to the store. The slave owner told her to help restrain the irate slave but she refused to.The slave owner threw the two pound weight at the problem slave but missed and instead hit Harriet. Harriet did not have any s assortan damage done to her from the weight but one would think this was a key point in her life when she realized she wanted to be free and to also help other slaves become free of these evil slave owners. Women have been oppressed in the world since the start of time. Men have continuously been looked at as if they are more important or more useful in the world we live in. We can see that in Harriet Tubmans case, Her work as a child was mainly as a babysitter of the children or used in the house as a slave. plane during the time of slave ry women werent granted the same rights as their men counterparts. Most of the time the women slaves were used as maids, caretakers, or doing gardening. These were duties that they thought were suitable for the women and without the women doing these duties the farm or plantation wouldnt run. Men were mainly used to the harder and more physical labor on the plantations or farms. They were sent out into the fields either day to harvest the crops so that the owner could make his money to maintain his lifestyle.The women were kept back to do the chores around the house and this is where the persona that women are suppositious to stay home and do housework comes from even today. The sad part is that people that thought the men were the most important workers, but without the women none of the duties would have been finished. They served and equal role in making the plantation work and werent given the credit they deserved. Without the women staying in the house and looking after the c hildren or preparation the meals, none of the men would have food or somewhere to sleep when they were done with their work.One can see that every duty shouldve been seen as equal. The women could do the same duties as the men and vice versa either way the duties are all needed to make the system work. Womens rights have improved drastically since that time but there chill out is a stigma that men are better than women. This type of view is wrong and shouldnt even be thought about in the world we live into today. Woman server a great purpose in the world we live in and should be considered equal in all aspects of life. If one were to ponder this idea seriously we can see without out women no children are born.The sad truth is that women still have to fight for their rights in every aspect of their daily lives. The typical women in society makes only . 70 cents for every dollar that a man would make doing the same job. One would think that one hundred and fifty years later women wo uld be considered equal counterparts to men. There has been progress toward greater body of work equality, but we still have a long ways to go. In the United States, most occupations are gendered. Many jobs are segregated by charge there are large wage gaps, and numerous women experience sexual harassment and pregnancy discrimination. These types of walls are being broken down every day but still need to be dealt with in a faster and more efficient fashion. As we know slavery was a horrible part of the American society until December of 1865 when it was abolished and Harriet Tubman experienced this horrendous travesty of American society. Harriet Tubman experienced this until one day she decided it was enough and escaped from her slavery with her brothers on September 17, 1849. This escape was delayed because of her brothers wish to go back to his family, but weeks later Harriet had had enough and finally escaped.Guided by the light of the moon Harriet travelled at night for the fear if she traveled during the day she could be caught by slave catchers, who wouldve taken her home for a bounty. She passed through many conductors houses during her travel, conductors of the Underground Railroad, and finally escaped to Pennsylvania a northern state that had already abolished slavery. This escape thus allowed Harriet Tubman to one day become a conductor in the underpass railroad herself to allow other slaves to escape to the freedom they deserved.The author explains how and when slavery was finally abolished throughout the completely United States and a cause of the civil war. The U. S. mansion house of Representatives passes the 13th Amendment to the Constitution, abolishing slavery in the United States. It read, Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction. This single, hitherto monumental, law would go on to start a bloody civil war of the north versus the south and end with fr eedom of all slaves throughout the whole United States of America. When the Civil War began, President Lincolns professed goal was the restoration of the Union. But early in the war, the Union began keeping escaped slaves quite a than returning them to their owners, so slavery essentially ended wherever the Union army was victorious. In September 1862, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, freeing all slaves in areas that were still in rebellion against the Union. This measure opened the issue of what to do about slavery in Border States that had not seceded or in areas that had been captured by the Union before the proclamation.In 1864, an amendment abolishing slavery passed the Senate but died in the theater as Democrats rallied in the name of states rights. The election of 1864 brought Lincoln back to the White House and significant Republican majorities in both houses, so it appeared the amendment was headed for handing over when the new Congress convened in March 186 5. Lincoln preferred that the amendment receive bipartisan instigatesome Democrats indicated support for the measure, but many still resisted. The amendment passed 119 to 56, seven votes above the necessary two-thirds majority.Several Democrats abstained, but the 13th Amendment was sent to the states for ratification, which came in December 1865. With the passage of the amendment, the institution that had indelibly shaped American history and had started the Civil War was eradicated. This excerpt shows that the hard work and dedication of Harriet Tubman had paid off during her times a slave and thus created freedom for all her African American brothers and sisters to become free. Though it did not make an immediate impact for African Americans to have equal rights it started that movement that has caused everyone in the United States to be equal today.The amazing aspect of Harriet Tubman is her knack for always wanting to help others in their slavery. In 1851 Harriet decided to go back to her hometown of Dorchester County to get her husband any many other slaves. Even thought this amazing woman was free she decided to riskiness her own life and freedom to help other have their own freedom. After a short time of being there she helped eleven other slaves escape in the December of 1851. They escaped safely back to Harriets new life in Philadelphia and in freedom. For someone to risk there own life just to help others shows the humanitarian she is.Harriets life was full of many different stories but the most important one is work in suffragist activism towards the end of her life. She was one of the women who fought for all womens rights and also the right to vote. Sadly that would not be passed during Harriets life time. Harriet was a woman who fought for the freedom of slaves and also showed that a woman can change the world. She was one of the very prominent women who helped to free slaves and help them start their new lifes and even risked her own life doi ng so.

Tactical Leadership vs Organizational Leadership

Tactical Leadership vs Organizational Leadership Walter Trotter United States Army Sergeant Major academy Class 63 SGM Stephens/MS Walker August 19, 2012 Tactical Leadership VS Organizational Leadership There argon certain things that you need to know as a leader, I will explain some of the differences facts and opinions about tactical leadership verse organization leadership. Leadership is not just a intelligence agency or act that is use only in the military, every organization in the world has some type of leadership structure from the sm any line of descent to the biggest cooperation leadership plays an important roles.I will discuss some of the similarities between the tactical and organizational leadership as it relates to the Army. When we think of leadership in the Army we involuntary think of the process of influencing soldiers to progress to a mission by providing directions, purpose and motivation, but when dealing with tactical or organizational leadership a leader has to think about a different role and take into account the while frame and how they are going to influence their soldiers.Even thought there are several different types leadership the main goal is always going to be the same, and that is to get the mission done and try to improve upon the unit and its capabilities. We all know how the Army defines leadership but there are other things we discombobulate to take into account, like a bad decision tail assembly have got soldiers their lives. I do believe that tactical and organizational leadership are the same in some ways but depending on the role can be different. Tactical Leadership First, lets talk about the tactical side.As we know there are three aspects in this process, the leadership role, the time frame and the leaders influence. One of the first things is that in order to be affective you have to be in front of your soldiers, you moldiness have your subordinates trust, you must have a direct of tactical and technical k nowledge that is unmatched by anyone around you and have a wiliness to help and support your soldiers or they will not follow you. On the tactical side a leader has to lead, support develop and take responsible for his soldiers in order to accomplish his/her mission.As an effective leader one has to be especially close to their subordinates in order to provide them with the necessary purpose, direction and motivation to complete their assigned task. The tactical level is usually found at the company or platoon level, this leader is always looking to accomplish the short term goals in support of the dour term mission. Tactical leaders must know how to solve problems quickly and without hesitation, they have more direct influence over soldiers because they are in the trenches with them.At this peak the leader has to council, correct and led their soldiers through the direct approach of leadership. Organization leadership This leadership style is where the leader actually has to plan and synchronize readiness in order that the small units are able to produce the tactical into the operational action. At the organization level a leader is not in a traditional leadership position when they are directly in charge of soldiers. Leaders in this style are the one whom establish piece that develop plans and create orders.When a result is achieved at this level the entire team is responsibility for the outcome. Organizational leaders make decision that affect the broad term goal and helps plan the short term mission for their subordinate units. The tactical and organization leadership styles have some very different level of leadership but the one thing that will never change between the two especially in the Army is the fact that you must have a good set of standard to follow, have good values and skill sets to save lives. Reference FM 6-22. (2006). U. S. Army Training and Doctrine dominate

America’s Role in Egypt’s Democracy

In an online article entitled Aiding and Abetting Egyptian Repression, Shadi Hamid, the author, discussed how the United States is able to influence the state of democracy in Egypt. According to this article, the U. S. with its foreign avail has long been funding President Hosni Mubaraks regime. Being Americas closest ally in the Middle East, Egypt is actually the second-largest recipient of U. S. aid (Hamid, 2007).However, since January of 2007, Mubarak has been make serious assaults against opposing political parties, particulary the Muslim Brotherhood, which is the largest opposition group in Egptian parliament (Hamid, 2007). This crackdown on opposition party members and organizations strongly contradicts the idea of democracy. In this article, Hamid calls for the U. S. sexual intercourse to consider reducing its aid to Egypt or making aid conditional. He points out that the Bush administration has been generous to autocrats for too long and it should start victorious serious measures in addressing this threat to democracy (Hamid, 2007).This article can be interpreted in numerous of ways depending on which perspective a indorser may be coming from. Based on various analysis tools and different paradigms, a reader can develop his or her own look about the article that may agree or disagree to what the author is saying. The author presents a very compelling argument. Although he is clearly not in favor of the Bush administration, this article discusses the issue in Egypt objectively.However, by exposing practices of neglect by the Bush administration, this article may indirectly influence its readers view of the express administration. Personally, I agree with Hamid. If the U. S. claims to be at the vanguard in upholding democracy, then it should not sit idly while its closest ally and second-largest recipient of its aid curtails the democratic rights of its ctitizens. Regardless whether a person is a republican or a democrat, a person who believes in human rights would never allow much(prenominal) practices of repression should to be tolerated.

Interactive video behavioral intervention Essay

Risk behaviors on spring chicken argon issues that the sociologists and psychologists touch on as big deals. The youth comprises the major work force of the future yet the trends and the activities they do sometimes put them to the verge of having complications and diseases that atomic number 18 transmitted through having cozy sexual relations. Their every day activities may survive them to something that can really matter especially with their health and their spirituality.Modernism and liberalism are issues that are usually approach by the youth today by which values that are regarded to be sacred before are now called passe and often treated as something for the centuries, not for the modern age. One of the issues mentioned are women engaging to pre-marital sex at a young age, and worse cases to multiple partners. Downs, Murray, et. al (2004) formulated a con that dealt with the behavior of females who are likely to commit to sexual activities involving oral and anal sex , together with the sexual intercourse itself.Their determine aimed to determine some controlling factors with the behavior of women regarding sex. It provided different ways of informing the women of the possible consequences of having sexual intercourse with the opposite sex. Having a number of reviews of articles, they gathered 300 sexually active females (6 months before the study started) from different places in Pittsburgh are that are console subdivided from hospitals, clinics and a teaching hospital.The authors of the study first surveyed for the participants who are volitioning to be tested and undergo the study. Parents were too asked if they are willing to let their daughters below 18 years become the participants of the study. According from the article, parents were more than willing to let their daughters be part of the group or the respondents. Questions that asked the motives of having sex were asked during the interview. It will help the evaluators to assess th e usual situations before the actual intercourse happens.The study also has its way of letting the participants choose a way that they will be best informed. In this way, they will have an idea of how they are going to control their sexual drives. The modes of the study are interactive television system clip, a book that offers the same content as the depiction and brochures that offer the same topic. One video clip from www. WhatCouldYouDo. org was shown to them that portrayed a girl and a boy that depended on the concept of condom go to bed that is often pictured as something satisfying other than the act of abstinence.Their knowledge more or less STD was also thrifty trough the 40 questions posted in the study, and they have a percentage of 65. 5% correct concepts about the matter. On the other hand, 67. 7% of them has the right knowledge about specific STD issues. Controls without the interventions were more likely to still engage in the activity while those who have had th e chance to be included in the team with video intervention through randomization were reported to have self control over the close few months.However, the study showed that knowledge of the participant regarding sexual and STD issues did not increased. It was stated in the reports that it could have been remediate if the control for the study did not receive any intervention to clearly see the effect of the programs in controlling the risk behavior of youth, specifically with the females. The study may be leading to situations by which female will not be choosing the option to have sex with their partners to express their feelings.Moreover, the intention of preventing STD in youth through some information integrated seminars and trainings are good ways in drawing conquer the lines in the limitations of the actions of the females, and the youth.ReferenceJulie S. Downs, Pamela J. Murray, Wandi Bruine de Bruin, Joyce Penrose, Claire Palmgren and Baruch Fischhoff. Interactive video behavioral intervention to reduce adolescent females STD risk a randomized controlled trial Social Science & Medicine, Volume 59, Issue 8, October 2004, Pages 1561-1572

Impulse buying Essay

relish buy refers to any grease ones palms which a consumer makes which is unplanned and un take. the purpose of this radical is to move up factors behind triggering this phenomena in consumers. the impact of different variables are analyzed by making their bloods with impulsive purchasing.These factors include promotional campaigns uniform low cost sale and discounts etc, income, layout of the parentage and behavior of gross revenue person. the study is based on special and secondary info which is analyzed further by using different techniques and methods. after analysis it has been build that the income level of a person has a signifi merchant shipt effect on impulsive buy, muchover the opposite factors like promotional campaigns are mainly instilling this behavior due to pricing strategies, layouts of stores and behavior of sales persons in addition trigger the urge of impulsive buying. keywords pulse rate buying, store layout, promotional activates, sales peo ple, income.IntroductionIn impulsion buying a harvest-home is purchased spontaneously which is unplanned it could be anything, a service, existing and reinvigorated mathematical growths to which the consumers are generally attracted because of various factors. Barratt, Rook 1987 stated that consumer gets attracted towards a harvest-time to buy it without considering its consequences of delaying a intersection to fill a pre-determined need.It is very much possible that consumer may experience positive and negative consequences of a product bought through impulsive buying after its post purchase evaluation. on that point are umpteen another(prenominal) researchers who cave in worked extensively on this topic and come up with more or less homogeneous definition and amplification of impulsion buying.According to Cobb & Hoyer 1986 Piron, 1991 Rook, 1987 Rook & Fischer, 1995 Weinberg & Gottwold, 1982 searched and wrote that the urge of buying a product is of that the product i s calling them to buy it, ultimately this urge leads them to purchase the product and some researchers stated that the urge of buying products are very dominant and powerful that the consumer cannot resist them. In Pakistan the number of retail out permits, shopping malls and tops(p) stores are increasing rapidly as compared to traditionally open bazar. This includes places likes Metro Cash N Carry, Hyper Star, Pace, Makro and suburban etc.These are afew of the prominent shopping malls in Pakistan with many outlets. The factors behind the advantage of these stores is their layout of well managed hassle free environment, availability and placement for fresh and hygienic vegetables, meat and fish which gets the attention and appreciation of consumers moreover the high-level of service and the behavior of sales staff make the visit of the consumers more comfortable and valuable especially for the working class who have minimum time for shopping. Attributes or characteristics of imp ulse buying behavior of consumerThe tempting and overwhelming force emerging from the product which produces feelings in consumer heart. Urge of buying a product immediately.Delaying the purchase of needed product.Ignoring the consequences of product purchased through impulse buying. Feeling of desperation in terms of buying a product.Literature ReviewFrom the start of 1950s till today a lot of research has been done on this topic in this long span of time many researchers who have conducted research on this always come up with very interesting findings or results. deep many researchers have moved their area of focus from western to Asian countries and are investigating the buying patrons of the people living in Asia. Many of them have identified and observed some common variables jibe to a researcher (Beatty & Farrell, 1998).The ratio and chances of impulse buying cast ups with the passage of time. He or She spends more time in the store than before, the more they spend time on shopping and browsing upon different product the more it with increase the chance of impulse buying. Some researchers have also stated that the impulse buying is relatively more common in females as compared to males (Giraud, 2001).According to a researcher (Giraud, 2001) finds that the mood of the consumer also affects impulse buying behavior which means that when the customer is in a good mood, he or she will embark themselves with the products which fall in the category of impulse buying and if he or she is in bad mood the person will tend to reward his or herself less. (Maiet Al, 2001) Stated that the spending on impulse buying is done more by young generation and usually the age segment falls in the range of 18-40 years old. (Rook, 1987.) Stated that the urge and temptations of buying a particular product is so strongthat a person can postpone the purchase of a well needed product which solves their existing problem.The Importance and concept of store layout can never be bypa ssed by the accepted marketers and operational managers because the store layout influences the buying behavior of the consumer for example IKEA, LEGO and Zara Men etc are the famous brands which focuses heavily on store layout of a retail store. (Crawford & Melewar, 2003) stated that the true marketers should work on store layout and should provide a good layout to provide an ease of shopping to the consumer.A good standard and effective store layout let alone achieve the goal of providing convenience to the customer the role of good and trained sales person is also very important. According to (Crawford & Melewar, 2003) an interaction with a well trained sales person can trigger impulse buying behavior of consumer it also reduces the tension of customer by guiding them. unmatched study conducted by (Wang and Zhou, 2003) shows that promotional activities show increases impulse buying by consumer when there are sales or discounts on products. according to researchers (dholakia,2000 rook 1987) when a consumer see promotional incentives on some products this things affects the impulse buying of him or her. Factors affectingaffectig impulse buyingThe followingfollowig are the factors which affects impulse buying behavior of consumer Promotional activitiesIncome strawman of othersStore layoutSales personPromotional ActivitiesThe word promotion in terms of marketing means by using different strategies marketers can influence the buying behaviorbehaviour of consumerconumer to buy a product to increase sales of the company.This could be achieved by sales discount, advertisement and free product. It is a human psychepsychy when evere they see a free product or discount they tend to buy to take advantage of this despite of affect they in actual did not need that product. Janakiraman Eded al, 2006 stated that willingness to buy the unneeded and unrelated commoditycomodity increases the chances of the impulse buying because of unexpected price discounts. IncomeThe income level influence and affect the impulse buying pattern of consumer greatly. The more a person is getting inco0me the more he will do impulse buying. In good stinting conditions, the income levels of people go high, many economists and researchers have reported the increase in sales of products which also includes the purchase of products done thought impulsive buying. Presence of othersStore layoutSales personThe interaction between consumers and sales person is of very prime importance. A good competent salesperson could influence the consumer to buy product impulsively. Objective of the studyAs we have told you earlier in this research paper that many researchers have conducted research on this topic especially in developed countries like England, Norway, Canada, America etc. now the researchers and analyst areAnd also conducting research in developing countries like Pakistan, India, Indonesia, Poland, Bangladesh, and Thailand etc. Our objective of the study is to find out the fa ctors effecting consumer impulse buying behavior in Pakistan. Theoretical frameworkin this research paper we have taken impulse buying as dependent variable and sales force, promotional activities , income , store layout and presence of others as independent variables and formed several hypothesis which are given belowH1 thither is a positive relationship between promotional activities and impulse buying. H2There is a positive relationship between income level and impulse buying. H3 There is a positive relationship between store layout and impulse buying. H4 There is a positive relationship between sales force behavior and impulse buying. H5There is a positive relationship between presence of others and impulse buying.Research MethodologyThe study has been conducted on the bases of two types of informationsources, primary data and secondary data. In primary data we gathered the data through questionnaires designed specifically on the basis of nature of questions to cover the concept of the study. In questionnaires the jump section is devoted to the demographics and then a scale is designed. In the following questions the scale we design to quantify each factor and its related question is from 1 to 5 Strongly disagree

Processes of globalization Essay

The current read of world politics nowadays has reached the stage wherein near e genuinely bingle from age 8 to 80 is already aw ar of the submits of globalization and home(a)ism. If you put these two words in order, the topic of patriotism always comes first, having people grow with the idea. globalization comes next and the real word was much perceive as a form of discourtesying the subject of nationalism. In the article that Kusumi (2004) wrote for the familiarity of Asian Research, he used nationalism and globalization and the al-Qaeda as his subjects which he comp ard from each early(a).In this article, he verbalize that on the part of globalization, to make a mess in unintentional. On the part of al-Qaeda, to make a mess is the whole idea (Kusumi, 2004). patriotism, in a to a greater extent general definition is the way in which a certain society decides to order its affairs. As children, we were taught that nations are besides c each(prenominal)ed territories th at are g everywherened by altogether civil or military authorities. For a more comprehensive meaning of nations, these are units of communities possessing their get policies and histories. unrivalled nation generally has its own unique policy system, thriftiness, society, and cultures. Every nation is unique from each opposite in their own ways. Based from the Stanford cyclopedia of Philosophy, the term nationalism potful be described by two kinds of phenomena with the first referring to the berth possessed by the members of a certain nation when it comes to the subject of their national identity. This definition raises questions about the subjects of nation or national identity which are often committed to the subjects of vernacular origin, ethnicity, or the membership of a certain individual in a nation.The second definition moreover, parcel outs with the attitude or actions of these members whenever they seek or fight to sustain their self-determination and carries along q uestions of whether the conceit of self-determination should be viewed as something that involves having full areahood or complete authority over domestic and foreign affairs and so forth For m any(prenominal) years, nationalism has been ignored as a significant topic in the area of semipolitical philosophy and has besides emerged as virtuoso of the consequences of nationalist clashes deal the one between the former Yugoslavia and Soviet Republics.Either way, nationalism often presents a picture that is object lessonly ambivalent in theme. The very theory of national awakenings and the struggles that come along with the fight for political independence are twain seen as lordly in peoples eyes. Basically, the moral debates about nationalism shows a kind of deep moral tension between national groups that are oppressed and the repulsion that are effects of the crimes committed for nationalism itself. Simply put, the subject of nationalism refers to an area of problems somel y about the ethnic and cultural differences in a democratic policy.These, to a fault are considered as one of the hardest dilemmas in contemporary political theory (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, ). Nationalism is also attached to the term nation-state which refers to a geographically bounded legal entity under a unmarried recognized environment, the population of which psychologically considers them to be related, by means of historical, linguistic, racial, or other links (Kacowicz, 1998). The forces connected to the subject of nationalism can be presented in some forms that are beyond the definition of the state itself.For example, the subject of nationalism can serve as an instrument in finding a motherland state for a certain existing nation that still does non own one. Moreover, it can also be used to organize a nation for a state that is not yet one through the collaboration of different elements within territorial boundaries to create a nation. Globalization, on t he other hand, is viewed as the antithesis of nationalism. This sentiment negates what the nationalism promotes about the different identities of nations ad suggests that there are no boundaries existing, only one globe.There are many implications to this subject. For example, global transportation around the world is becoming far easier compared to the historical times and communications technology is still improving and spreading globally. These kinds of changes sometimes make people go the feeling that they are all connected despite of the remotenesss and boundaries. The word globalization implies the fact that the world is only a single market with goods and investments flowing freely crossways different national limits. The term refers to the changes in both the spatial and temporal contours of social existence.Here, geographical distance is now measured in call of time and as time is needed to connect geographical locations is minimized, the subject of distances often u ndergo the subject of compression or horizontal annihilation. And as changes in human activities also affect changes in position or territory, many theorists believe that these alterations in the experiences of humanity are in the process of undermining the significance of both local and national boundaries in the area of human endeavor (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2006). There are trine facets connected to globalization.The first among these is the association of the subject to the concept of deterritorialization, a concept which refers to the increasing kinds of social activities occurrence irrespective of the geographical location of the participants. These activities are promoted through telecommunication, audiovisual media, digital computers and even the World dewy-eyed wind vane itself. If you view globalization using the concept of deterritorialization, the former can be connected to the change magnitude possibilities of the actions of people irrespective of th eir latitudinal and longitudinal location.As what the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2006) stated, Territory in the sand of traditional grit of geographically identifiable location no longer constitutes the whole of social aloofness in which human activity takes place. globalization refers to the spread of new forms of non-territorial social activity. The second concept connected to globalization is that of social interconnectedness crossways geographical and political boundaries.In this aspect, globalization is connected to the different processes of change that causes significant transformations in the organization of human affairs though connecting and expanding the possibilities of human activities across borders. The third concept of globalization is social acceleration or speed or velocity of any social activity. The speed of the transportation, communication, and other technologies that link people now at present are very important factors in giving the sense of in terconnectedness and blurring of territorial boundaries.The speed of technology, however, is not the only deal in this subject. The connecting and expansion of social activities across different borders are also defined by the very movements of people, information, and goods. The two other concepts mentioned above are directly connected with the speed or social career and the velocity and interchanges across different borders varies generally from their magnitude, impact, or regularity (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2006).Thus, globalization should be perceived as a multi-pronged process due to the fact that deterritorialization, social interconnectedness, and the acceleration of social activities affect many aspects of social activity like in economic, political, and cultural terms. Every manifestation of globalization also creates conflicts and dislocations in different area. An example of this is the evidence uttering that cross-border flows and exchanges re already gain ing prominence worldwide. The emergence of global pecuniary markets serves as a big challenge to traditional attempts of liberal democratic nation-states.When it comes to the political realm, globalization takes a more distinct form through deterritorialization, interconnectedness, and acceleration of social activity elements. One form of political globalization is when activists use high-speed communication technologies to connect and form alliances across borders against dilemmas that are transnational in manner. Forms of supranational organizations exhibited for example by the European Union and North America Free Trade Association are also perceived as new manifestations of political globalization.Despite all of these though, critics still say that the local, regional and national forms of self-government are now being replaced by the democratic forms of global system that are insufficient to ordinary citizens. The definition of nationalism and globalization clearly shows the differences between the two concepts. Nationalism promoted the establishing of a national identity and the strengthening of borders from one nation to another. Here, a nation is seen as something that has its own policies, economic flow, and culture that is somewhat unavailable from the members of other nations.Globalization, on the other hand, firmly says that there are no existing borders and that the world is one undivided network. As what Kusumi (2004) said, nationalism and globalization are like oil and water. You can only patronize one and not the other since the nature of the word international is equivalent to the fact of having nations defined by their respective boundaries, while the definition of the word global is match to the intellectual aggression of individuals to the boundaries that are drawn on the globe.Globalization and terrorism have common factors. two aims to reach out across national borders and both are vessels that in a way disrespect nationalism. Nationa lism advertises the subject of having a national identity while globalization simply threatens the identity of not only one nation but all others around the world. However, globalization is not at all negative because evidences, particularly in the world of batch, shows that this very subject helps a lot in the economy of several countries (Kusumi, 2004).Thus, it is all just a matter of perspective for these two subjects. For one, during the last few decades, the international flows of goods and financial capital from border to border has increased significantly and if it forget be studied in a global perspective, it can be seen that the international trade of goods and services doubled in a span of four decades. Despite of the increase in the flow of goods, services, and financial capital, the term globalization also implies the fact that the world is considered as nearly a single market.In a fully globalized economy setting such as this, the goods and investments will be able t o flow easily from border to border (Taylor, 2002). Despite of these, though, there are still numerous studies promoting the importance that national borders play in the trade market and how our world regardless of all advancements is still too far into being considered a single world market. One of the evidences to the significant role of national borders can be seen in the situation of Ontario, a province of Canada that has an equal distance from Washington State and the province of British Columbia.If a person will look at the situation using the perspective of a borderless state defined by globalization, he/she will expect Ontarios level of trade as equal to that of Washington and British Columbia. However, this is not the case when it comes to real life even after adjusting the respective sizes of their economies. In studies conducted in the United States and Europe, it is prove that the trades between regions within countries are actually 3 to ten times higher compared to the trade across national borders even after taking into account factors like the size of local economies and geographic distance (Taylor, 2002).Reasons of why national borders still play important roles in the limiting of international movements of goods and capital are easy to identify. For one, transportation and communications networks are commonly organized by national governments and concentrate more in connections within their own country than national borders. Thus, the economic proceeding across a national border is burdened with additional costs that are connected with different legal systems, institutions, regulations, languages and many other factors.Also, the changes and flow in exchange rate also ass to the level of risk to economic transactions across borders (Taylor, 2002). Globalization is not the single and most viable ingredient in achieving economic growth. In fact there are a multitude of factors that can serve as a throttle to the achievement of economic success like good education, available investment capital, good infrastructure and transportation, a proper financial sector, and many more. Thus, nations arent face with the tough choice of choosing economic improvement over their loyalty to their nation.The availability of a certain market to the international flows of goods and capital is also one of the most important factors in promoting improvement but there is always a risk that globalization cant accomplish much and may even be harmful to the economy (Taylor, 2002). Basically, the very concept of nationalism directly opposes the processes of globalization since the concepts of disintegration, fragmentation, and localization deviate from the very trend of globalization.For example, a new sense of statehood may be a response to the forces of globalization in aiming to annihilate borders between nations. Thus, the persistence and excerption of nationalism can be viewed as a kind of response to the forces of the global market through a ctions that will relocate and strengthen the legitimacy and sense of loyalties at national or subnational levels versus the transnational and supranational force of economic globalization (Kacowicz, 1998).Moreover, the promotion of nationalism as well as the organizing of new states is even encouraged by pressures of globalization. Through the processes involved in technological dissemination, globalization can even be considered as a catalyst in promoting nationalism so that these two concepts can even encounter if a new global revolution of rising expectations will only be viewed. These forces can even encourage states and nations to be more active and managing the pressures that comes along with the subject of globalization.Here, an interesting paradox can be seen because even though the forces of globalization seem to be a giant next to the concept of state sovereignty, the technological changes brought by the former can even improve the material conditions needed to enhance an d hold birth to nationalistic trends. To put it simply, globalization opens doors for new strategies and roles for the nation-state and the resurgence of the sense of nationalism (Kacowicz, 1998). In conclusion, nationalism and globalization are two concepts that directly oppose each others purposes but in a way also complements the promotion of one.Just like what has already been mentioned earlier in this paper, it is all just a matter or perspective. References Kacowicz, A. M. (1998). Regionalization, Globalization, and Nationalism Convergent, Divergent, or Overlapping? Retrieved June 7, 2009 Web site http//www. nd. edu/kellogg/publications/workingpapers/WPS/262. pdf. Kusumi, J. (2004). Globalization versus nationalism versus al-Qaeda These three things are important to understand as bad, good, and bad respectively. Retrieved June 7, 2009, from Association for Asia Research.Web site http//www. asianresearch. org/articles/2261. html. Taylor, T. (2002). The Truth About Globalizati on. Public Interest, 24. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. (2006). Globalization. Retrieved June 7, 2009 from Stanford University Official site Web site http//plato. stanford. edu/entries/globalization/ Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. (2005). Nationalism. Retrieved June 7, 2009 from Stanford University Official site Web site http//plato. stanford. edu/entries/nationalism/

Porters Five Force Analysis for Paint Industry

1. Concepcion- attack placemanshipcraft carrier strain teach Company organize in January 1998, Concepcion-Carrier Air Conditioning Company (CCAC) brings together two leaders in the conduct instruct industry Carrier Corporation of the United States and Concepcion Industries, Inc. of the Philippines. In just a few years, CCAC overstateed from manufacturing windowpane room air conditioners to becoming the market leader in virtually all categories of Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) equipment and inspection and repairs in the country. CCAC brings to the Philippine market Carrier Corporations long tradition of innovation and ware excellence.It has the Philippines largest air conditioning facility that makes an wide range of products of outstanding quality, and is recognized by customers abroad, who source from it products proudly Philippine-made. Carrier products are designed in engineering centers and manufacturing facilities located worldwide. Spread across six continents, Carriers global trading trading cognitive processs make it the largest manufacturer of air conditioning, heating, ventilation and refrigeration products. It is supported by a vast net income of distributors, dealers, retailers, and technicians who sell, install and service Carrier products in over 170 countries.A heritage of technological innovation. Leadership in responsible environmental stewardship. Carrier Corporation and CCAC creating environments for life. Worldwide. * Concepcion Industries, Inc is a maker of electrical appliances such as air conditioning equipment and refrigerators. The company is based in thePhilippinesand was founded in the 1960s. The company is known for its several notable brands that acknowledgeCarrier,Condura, andKelvinator. * Carrier in 1902, Willis Haviland Carrier designed the worlds first air-conditioning system.This single achievement made it possible for batch to live, work, study, shop, travel, or play in worry-free indoor co mfort. Today, Carrier continues to build on the pioneering spirit of its founder. With manufacturing, sales, and service operations in more than 170 countries, Carrier is the worlds leading heating, ventilation and air-conditioning company. It leads in developing a unendingly growing array of innovative products all designed to meet the exacting needs of its customers around the world, time leading the rest of the industry in forging higher standards of stewardship over the environment. . Panasonic Manufacturing Philippines Corporation (PMPC) A manufacturer, importer and distributor of electronic, electrical, mechanical, electro-mechanical appliances, other types of machines, parts and components, battery and related products bearing the brand ready, Panasonic. At present, the primal products manufactured by PMPC are refrigerators, air conditioners, washing machines, electric fans, dry cell batteries and flashlights.Consequently, through its sales division, Panasonic Philippine s (PPh), PMPC Continually strives to expand its sales, service and distribution networks to make Panasonic products and service conveniently available to its consumers. In October 2003, PMPC ceased using National cross and Unified the branding of all its products under the Panasonic brand. PMPC, formerly known as Matsushita Electric Philippines Corporation, changed its corporate name to Panasonic Manufacturing Philippines Corporation and officially started using it on April 1, 2005 along with its continuing commitment to customer satisfaction and service to society.Since an enterprise uses societys resources people, capital, real estate, community services PMPC believes that it started out and remains indebted to society. Along this premise, the company recognizes that the primary role of its business is to serve society in return for the use of its resources and thus devotes its business activities to the patterned advance and development of society and the well being of the pe ople. This commitment serves as guidance for PMPC in carrying out its operation and corporate activities. 3. Koppel, Inc. 957 marked the year when the company started manufacturing splits and packaged type air-conditioners. The years that ensued saw Koppel as the like brand of choice among industry consultants and the undisputed market leader in the industry. The company continued its out harvest-time and maximized its sales volume, growing its products and improving its services, making Koppel the by-word in all air conditioning requirements across the country. In January 2000, Koppel was acquired from Asea Brown Boveri (ABB) by Fedders Corporation.By then, the company has expanded its product line-up to include not just the commercial-grade and industrial segments, but to tap the growing retail market throughresidential air conditioners. refinement September 2008, the company has been acquired by KPL Inc. , a local company which is keen on tapping the dynamic aircon market. As Koppel, Inc. , the company is focused in strengthening its core competency in the packaged business and forward-moving its technological capability by sourcing strategic products in the projects and industrial applications.To date, Koppel is the second largest aircon manufacturer in the Philippines, divine service aircon requirements across the country for over 50 years. Its rich heritage in providing high-quality and reliable aircon products is a volition to Koppels commitment to service all its customers nationwide, from its centrally-located office in Paranaque to its full-service branchofficesin Cebu and Davao. For 2009, Koppel, Inc. has expanded its product range to include eco-friendly products that dramatically boil down ourenergy consumption.The company continues to challenge itself with ways to help reduce ourcarbon footprints and in the long run, protect our fragile environment. 4. Hitachi Air Conditioning Philippines, Inc. Established on border district 02, 2000 with a capital fund of 20,285,000 pesos. Mainly engage on the manufacture and sale on sell basis of Home Appliances and air conditioners. nvestment for Hitachi Air Conditioning Sales is 85% financed by Taiwan Hitachi Co. ,Ltd. and 15% by Hitachi Life and Solutions, Inc. Hitachi Air Conditioning Sales (Phils. ) Inc. ells air conditioning products like the Self-Contained Air Conditioners,Air-cooling Chiller Unit, Room Air Conditioners, Packaged Air Conditioner,Fan Coil Unit, and Dehumidifier, washing machines and refrigerators which are distributed in the internal market. The merger between the two companies, Taiwan Hitachi (Subic), Inc. and Hitachi Air Conditioning Sales (Phils. ), gave way to better opportunities for Hitachi air conditioning products and home appliances to be introduced to a wider range in the market both domestic and global. . KOLIN Philippines International, Inc. A consistent major player in the industry, that is committed to produce, innovate, and distribute world class home appliances and service, mold by competence and dedication to quality after-sales-service, guided by moral and ethical business principle. Contributes to the development, growth and upliftment of the welfare of its employees, shareholders, customers and suppliers. Genuinely committed in supporting community endeavors in the preservation of the environment.

Why is influx of foreigners good for Singapore?

I came to capital of Singapore with my family in the end year. We started a new Journey coming from India and enjoying this beautiful country which is very multicultural and diverse. As geezerhood passed, I started to notice some on going discussions and blobs on the need to control the influx of foreigners in Singapore. These discussions seemed to be quite Interesting. The influx of immigrants was cited as the reason for putting strains on Infrastructure, increase in inflation, rising prices of prop and rising Income Inequality.Slowly, the public opinion of Singapore turned against the policy of welcoming foreigners Into their country. Even the Prime parson has admitted that the Government lacked foresight In tackling the problems that came with the surging population. As we entered 2013, was passed by Singapore government to control the Immigrants In Singapore. In my view the foreigners have played an Important role In the development of this nation In the furthermost 8-10 yea rs. Limiting immigration may cause a lot of damage to its future development.One of the reasons wherefore Singapore has been successful so far is because it encouraged immigration and nearly everyone in Singapore is an immigrant or family of an immigrant. Even Lee Guan Yew who is the Singapore founding prime minister is a second-generation immigrant. Singapore has always been an good-hearted immigration destination. The country presents high multicultural advantages for people. The different varieties of food from various countries gives a gravid opportunity to try new different flavors from all around the world.Limiting immigration go forth only worsen Singapore problems. If Singapore cannot get enough labor, it will have to raise wages and eventually inflation will rise. You would also agree that foreigners living here contribute to the economy of Singapore as their spending potency is quite gig. This results in a great deal Jobs being created for local Singapore. Singapor e will face a diminish workforce and aging population if new immigrants are not brought in. If Singapore tightens its immigration policy likewise much, it will become an old age home in 10 to 20 years. Given that more resources will then have to be expended to support the elderly, I think Singapore will visualize it very difficult to develop and compete with its neighboring countries. Every country in history that has discriminated against foreigners is going to go into decline. So I urge my fellow Singapore to ATA cool, not worry too much about foreigners. This nation has seen a great L repeat great progress in the last 15-20 years. The recent challenges on high Inflation & strain on infrastructure will be tackled by the government soon.Even the Prime Minister has admitted that the Government lacked foresight in tackling the problems that came with the surging government to control the immigrants in Singapore. In my view the foreigners have played an important role in the develo pment of this nation in the last 8-10 years. Stay cool, not worry too much about foreigners. This nation has seen a great repeat great progress in the last 15-20 years. The recent challenges on high inflation & elapse to make this nation a great place to live in.

Makeup economic assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Makeup economic assignment - Essay ExampleThe following is a household budget that illustrates how the student should allocate his income.The purpose of this projected monthly household budget is to check up on that the have avoids the risk of unexpected expenses such as enrolling for unpredicted courses. Since the graduate lives and works in diethylstilboestrol Moines, IA, which is among the estates with high living standards, it is logic to budget for a housing and food be of $14,000 and $4,000 respectively. In hostelry to improve transport efficiency and convenience, the graduate should purchase a personal vehicle at the cost of $8,000 payable in monthly installments of $500. Therefore, the graduate must budget for the vehicle monthly insurance of $150. The vehicle will be necessary since it will enable the graduate to avoid transport inconveniences due to globe transport means.In addition, the graduate should adopt a budget plan that will enable him reward the education impart. The above budget plan proposes a monthly amount of $800 to settle the total loan of $10,000 in a period of 12.5 months. The budget besides proposes that the graduate should allocate a total of $2,000 for pleasure and recreation. According to the above monthly budget, the graduate should set a total of $500 and $50 for apparel and medical insurance cover respectively. Making payments for the medical insurance cover will enable the graduate to avoid paying huge amount of money when he or she is going through either medication. Moreover, it will be a nice decision for the graduate to look for means of investments. This will enable the graduate to increase his total monthly income, hence improving his or her living standards. Therefore, the above monthly budget entails that the graduate should budget for monthly investments of $12,000 as a way of attracting extra income. The graduate should also allocate some money for miscellaneous. This is for purchasing other essential th ings such as

Flight Operations Quality Assurance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Flight Operations Quality potency - Essay ExampleHe further said that the collection and availability of the data is of little handling unless the problems, which were previously identified, are corrected. It is his recommendation that questions should be understood and answered by acting upon it accordingly.describes the activity tracking methodological analysis of the CATS or Crew Activity Tracking System. CATS immediately identifies the error on commission and omission that leads to deviation. It is too useful in detecting procedural deviations that were not detected before. Moreover, CATSperformance. CATS reform safety measures by apply FOQA flight data to improve feedback. Should CATS have access to data regarding air trickery state, clearance constraints and pilot actions it could determine nuances in detail for efficient data analysis.immediate maintenance rather than performing maintenance at a schedule time interval. So, if an aircraft fragment needs to be changed after a flight then it must be done as soon as possible and does not need to wait for the part to be changed within the following week for its supposed regular schedule for maintenance check-up.This study by Stolzer (2002) recommends the use of a FOQA data-driven fuel utilization model to be use to find out why an aircraft uses a higher quantity of fuel than the actual amount prescribed by the air craft manufacturer. Since fuel is one of the major expenses of an airline company, it is imperative to consider whether the more than normal fuel consumption of fuel could be attributed to airframe or engine abnormalities. Whatever good results derived from the FOQA data-driven fuel consumption model to improve the safety of air travel must be incorporated within the overall quality system.harmonize to Stolzers (2002) previous volume of this study, abnormal fuel consumption should be critically analyzed and data must be preserved within the ongoing quality assurance program of the air carrie r. In this

The Making of the Modern Woman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The make of the Modern Woman - Essay ExampleThis points out to gross under recording of their contri yetions to growth of humankind. When recorded, women ordinarily played less weighty, stereotypical roles of wives, girlfriends and mistresses among different less significant roles as expressed by historians (Purvis 41). The conduct of this paper is to show women development and discuss how far they train come considering the challenges they face. Education. Until recently, the education of the girl tiddler was considered less useful than that of a boy. Consequently, more resources were channeled towards education of boys who were termed as future leaders of the society bandage women were seen as wives and nothing more. Many cultures concurred in this aspect so much that even in the approximately developed of societies, girls or women always had less education than boys. Girls only received enough education to deal and write tour boys advanced in their education up to tertia ry level. This ensured that the male position in society as leaders was consolidated while women were concentrated on chores. The feminist revolution, however, changed all that and women right away have equal opportunities as men, albeit with some reluctance from the male dominated society (Bucor 1381). Equality. Development of the prophylactic device pill in 1960 formed the starting point of the feminist revolution. ... According to DiCaprio, Lisa, and Wiesner (247), there has been gradual but sure change where women are now more or less treated with equity to men. Employment. In early days, there were jobs for men and others for women. Throughout history, the most lucrative jobs were for men while women had the lesser jobs. This was justify in some cases where women could not cope with unusually taxing or manual jobs. There were other jobs for women, mostly the less manly ones that the earlier chauvinistic men would not touch. In recent times, changes have happened that allow wo men to take lucrative jobs, including being high ranking managers and politicians like presidents and prime ministers (Guardian 2011). Religion. Most mankind religions do not mention the role of women in their doctrines. For instance, in the Bible only men were counted while women were grouped together with children thereby showing where women ranked in the Christianity hierarchy. In the Catholic Church, which carries a bulk of Christians, there is no allowance for women to join the clergy, as was the case with Disciples of Christ. There is no explanation to this any(prenominal) but any critic can see that Christianity was and in umpteen ways, still is seriously sloped against women. Islam, on the other hand, promotes polygamy where women are seen as property just like material belongings when unveil the wealth status of a man (Smith 740). Things are changing, and women are becoming more involved in the society with even the worlds religions reconsidering womens position. As a r esult, protestant churches have many women as pastors, seers and bishops. Family. As a mother, daughter or mistress, the role of a woman in the

Intertextuality in Films Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Intertextuality in Films - Essay caseIntertextuality occurs in popular media much(prenominal) as television shows, movies and even interactive video games. Intertextuality is often employ to provide depth to the fictional reality portrayed in the medium, such as characters in one(a) television show mentioning characters from another.intertextuality was first proposed by Julia Kristeva . According to her a single text that can consists of many a(prenominal) texts or it is act of changing one set of the sign into another. the use of intertextuality is perhaps the most expedient and essential method of ensuring a successful show or film in todays marketplace. as there are many sources of entertainment available in todays spirit a tell from films, it is very useful for modern directors to attract a particular audience. many directors and filmmakers refer to front and old books, myths, songs, history or remake many popular films because the audience get familiar with the nigh s tory they see hear or read will remind them of something they have already experienced. it is the stopcock available to the filmmakers to take advantage of intertextuality.it is the collection of text, people, ideas, new inventions, that interact with each other to form a framework or community in which to relate the thoughts and influence each other. It is the family, influence and conversation between the texts. One of the example is The O.C. is the best example of television using intertextuality, with its frequent references to movie characters and comic books such Spider-Man, and Star Wars protagonist Luke Skywalker. ... films on superhero Superman are to a fault inspired by his herioc actins and stunts in comics and stories and series on television. Drama series Lost has a huge number of interextual tie-ins, including websites, broadcasts, and even a novel written by a character, which purport elements from the series to be real.Not only does the concept reveal the authors sources, it also aids in understanding the text at hand. Through intertexuality the reader may recognize concepts that deliver similar qualities of a previously read work. Since the reader is familiar with texts that a work may or may not have built from, the reader him/herself has found an avenue into the text through the works relationship to other texts. The discovery of a relationship provides the reader with a starting point which aids to rotate the meaning of the piece. The reader will find it easier to uncover the avenues that exist into the piece if he/she has read a wide range of books.For example within a film(one frame) an advertisement (other frame) of a product can be shown, such as billboard in a scene. The film in turn is a part of genre movies or film. On television, advertisement, often allude to other advertisement of the same product such as series of advertisement of the same products or television personalities or programmes.it is the standards of textuality i n discourse abridgment but is also relevant.Intertextuality is closely related to media and film industry. for example many films begin with the credits axial rotation as a car, a train or stage travels across a landscape and arrives at a town. It may refer far more than influences of the writers to each other.On television, advertisement, often allude to